Aphasia refers to language impairment caused by brain injury or disease. Common causes include stroke, traumatic brain injury, and brain tumors.

Articulation or pronunciation disorders refer to difficulties in pronouncing sounds correctly. These disorders can be caused by various factors, including neurological issues, language development delays, or other speech disorders.

Dysphagia, also known as swallowing difficulties, refers to the inability to smoothly move food or drink from the mouth through the mouth into the esophagus (the food track). This condition can lead to multiple issues, including coughing, drooling, food regurgitation, or painful swallowing sensations.